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Artículos de Revisión

Vol. 6 Núm. 13 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez

Actividad lúdica en la psicomotricidad infantil: revisión sistemática de intervenciones y experiencias motrices

Play-based activity and child psychomotor development: a systematic review of motor interventions
Publicado
2026-10-16
Contexto: La actividad lúdica constituye una estrategia relevante para favorecer el desarrollo psicomotor infantil. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia del diseño lúdico-motriz para distinguir mediaciones pedagógicas prometedoras de aquellas con efectos limitados. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo PRISMA 2020. Se consultaron Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO y SciELO, con última comprobación el 21 de agosto de 2026. Resultados: El 68 % de las intervenciones con objetivos motores definidos, práctica repetida y mediación docente favoreció la locomoción, el equilibrio, la coordinación y el control de objetos. El 80 % de los programas estructurados superó al juego libre no guiado, y el 24 % reportó además beneficios en funciones ejecutivas y socialización. Conclusiones: La integración de autonomía infantil, desafío progresivo, ambientes estimulantes y mediación pedagógica sensible constituye una orientación de diseño para favorecer la efectividad psicomotriz del juego. Estas orientaciones deben interpretarse según la población, el desenlace y la calidad de la evidencia; no se acredita eficacia universal del juego estructurado.
Context: Play-based activity is a relevant strategy for supporting children's psychomotor development. Objective: To analyze the influence of play-based motor activity design in distinguishing promising pedagogical approaches from those with limited effects. Method: A systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO, and SciELO were searched, with the final check conducted on August 21, 2026. Results: Among interventions with defined motor objectives, repeated practice, and teacher mediation, 68% supported locomotion, balance, coordination, and object control. Structured programs outperformed unguided free play in 80% of cases, and 24% additionally reported benefits in executive functions and socialization. Conclusions: Integrating child autonomy, progressive challenge, stimulating environments, and responsive pedagogical mediation provides design guidance for supporting the psychomotor effectiveness of play. These principles should be interpreted according to the population, outcome, and quality of the evidence; universal effectiveness of structured play has not been established.
Número:
Vol. 6 Núm. 13 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez
Sección:
Artículos de Revisión

Referencias

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