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Artículos de Revisión

Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez

La influencia de la remuneración en la satisfacción laboral docente: una revisión sistemática

The influence of remuneration on teacher job satisfaction: a systematic review
Publicado
2026-07-20
Contexto: La satisfacción laboral docente constituye un pilar de la calidad educativa y la retención del profesorado a escala mundial. En contextos de escasez docente creciente, la remuneración oscila entre su carácter higiénico clásico y su función motivacional contextual, lo que demanda evidencia que oriente las políticas públicas dirigidas al magisterio. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la remuneración en la satisfacción laboral de los docentes. Metodología: La investigación aplicó una revisión sistemática conforme a las directrices PRISMA 2020, con búsqueda en Scopus y Web of Science, donde conformaron el corpus de análisis 23 estudios primarios. Resultados: La remuneración ejerce un efecto positivo sobre la satisfacción laboral docente, con magnitud variable según contexto socioeconómico, nivel educativo y factores mediadores. En países de ingresos bajos y medios predomina un efecto directo y potente; en naciones de ingresos altos opera como factor higiénico. Las condiciones laborales, el desarrollo profesional, el reconocimiento y el liderazgo escolar moderan la relación salarial. Conclusión: Las políticas salariales requieren acompañarse de estrategias que atiendan dimensiones intrínsecas y extrínsecas, con criterios de equidad territorial, reconocimiento profesional y desarrollo de carrera sostenido para el magisterio, en sintonía con marcos teóricos bifactoriales contextualizados.
Context: Teacher job satisfaction is a cornerstone of educational quality and teacher retention worldwide. In contexts of increasing teacher shortages, remuneration fluctuates between its classic hygiene function and its contextual motivational role, demanding evidence to guide public policies aimed at teachers. Objective: To analyze the influence of remuneration on teacher job satisfaction. Methodology: The research applied a systematic review according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, searching Scopus and Web of Science, which yielded 23 primary studies for the analysis corpus. Results: Remuneration has a positive effect on teacher job satisfaction, with varying magnitude depending on socioeconomic context, educational level, and mediating factors. In low- and middle-income countries, a direct and powerful effect predominates; in high-income nations, it operates as a hygiene factor. Working conditions, professional development, recognition, and school leadership moderate the salary relationship. Conclusion: Salary policies must be accompanied by strategies that address intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions, with criteria of territorial equity, professional recognition, and sustained career development for teachers, in line with contextualized, two-factor theoretical frameworks.
Número:
Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez
Sección:
Artículos de Revisión

Referencias

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