Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio
logo

Artículos de Revisión

Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez

Relación entre estilo de vida saludable multidimensional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios: Revisión sistemática

The relationship between multidimensional healthy lifestyles and academic achievement in university students: A systematic review
Publicado
2026-06-02

Contexto: La entrada a la educación superior es un periodo de vulnerabilidad para la adopción de conductas de riesgo, pero también representa una oportunidad estratégica para consolidar hábitos de vida saludables que perduren en la adultez y favorezcan el rendimiento académico. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre estilo de vida saludable multidimensional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado a nivel global. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con enfoque cuantitativo siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA 2020. La búsqueda se efectuó en Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO y Google Scholar, identificando 187 registros iniciales, de los cuales 23 estudios empíricos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Los hallazgos evidencian una asociación positiva moderada entre hábitos de vida saludables y un mayor promedio ponderado acumulado (GPA). Entre los hábitos más consistentes como predictores se encuentran la higiene del sueño y el consumo regular de desayuno. Otros componentes del estilo de vida, como actividad física y manejo del estrés, también muestran tendencias favorables pero con menor consistencia entre los estudios. Conclusiones: Las universidades deben implementar políticas integrales de bienestar estudiantil que consideren determinantes sociales y promuevan hábitos saludables, con el fin de mejorar el rendimiento académico. Se recomienda fomentar investigaciones longitudinales y estrategias de apoyo socioeconómico directo para optimizar el éxito académico y la salud integral de los estudiantes.

Context: The transition to higher education represents a window of vulnerability for adopting health-risk behaviors; however, it also offers a strategic opportunity to consolidate healthy lifestyle habits that persist into adulthood and enhance academic performance. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between multidimensional healthy lifestyles and academic achievement among undergraduate university students on a global scale. Methodology: A systematic review with a quantitative approach was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Literature searches were performed across Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and Google Scholar. From an initial identification of 187 records, 23 empirical studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: The findings demonstrate a moderate positive association between healthy lifestyle habits and a higher Cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA). Sleep hygiene and regular breakfast consumption emerged as the most consistent predictors of academic success. Other lifestyle components, such as physical activity and stress management, showed favorable trends but exhibited less consistency across the reviewed literature. Conclusions: Universities must implement comprehensive student wellness policies that account for social determinants and promote healthy habits to improve academic outcomes. It is recommended to foster longitudinal research and direct socioeconomic support strategies to optimize both academic success and the holistic health of the student population.

Número:
Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2026): Revista Simón Rodríguez
Sección:
Artículos de Revisión

Referencias

  1. Ahmad, W., Khuzai, R., Bahtiti, N., Sasa, T., & Abdel-Rahman, I. (2025). Education for sustainable development: Lifestyle behaviors of Applied Science Private University students and correlate them with academic achievement. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 21, 47. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2025.21.47
  2. Al-Haifi, A., Al-Awadhi, B., Bumaryoum, N., Alajmi, F., Ashkanani, R., & Al-Hazzaa, H. (2023). The association between academic performance indicators and lifestyle behaviors among Kuwaiti college students. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 42, 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-023-00370-w
  3. Alhazmi, A., Aziz, F., & Hawash, M. (2021). Association of BMI, physical activity with academic performance among female students of health colleges of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10912. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010912
  4. Al-Momani, M. (2021). Health-promoting lifestyle and its association with the academic achievements of medical students in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 37, 561–566. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.3417
  5. Alnofaiey, Y., Atallah, H., Alrawqi, M., Alghamdi, H., Almalki, M., Almaleky, J., & Almalki, K. (2023). Correlation of physical activity to mental health state and grade point average among medical students in Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 15(6), e40253. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40253
  6. Betancourt-Núñez, A., Díaz, R., Nava-Amante, P., Bernal-Orozco, M., Díaz-López, A., Palacios, A., Márquez-Sandoval, F., Velarde-Camaqui, D., & Vizmanos, B. (2024). Beyond the Classroom: The Influence of Food Insecurity, Mental Health, and Sleep Quality on University Students’ Academic Performance. Foods, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13162508
  7. Budnick, S., Peters, M., & Dowthwaite, J. (2025). A cross-sectional analysis of college students' diet, mental health, and hindrances to healthy lifestyles. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276251315347
  8. Cassaretto, M., Espinosa, A., & Chau, C. (2024). Effects of resilience, social support, and academic self-efficacy on mental health among Peruvian university students during the pandemic: the mediating role of digital inclusion. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1388369. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1282281
  9. Chicco, D., Warrens, M., & Jurman, G. (2021). The coefficient of determination R-squared is more informative than SMAPE, MAE, MAPE, MSE and RMSE in regression analysis evaluation. PeerJ Computer Science, 7. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.623
  10. Chu, T., Liu, X., Takayanagi, S., Matsushita, T., & Kishimoto, H. (2022). Association between mental health and academic performance among university undergraduates: The interacting role of lifestyle behaviors. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 32, e1938. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1938
  11. Cutler, D. M., & Lleras-Muney, A. (2006). Education and health: Evaluating theories and evidence (NBER Working Paper No. 12352). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w12352
  12. Deforche, B., Van Dyck, D., Deliens, T., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2015). Cambios en el peso, la actividad física, el comportamiento sedentario y la ingesta dietética durante la transición a la educación superior: un estudio prospectivo. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 12, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0173-9
  13. Dietrichson, J., Filges, T., Seerup, J., Klokker, R., Viinholt, B., Bøg, M., & Eiberg, M. (2021). Targeted school-based interventions for improving reading and mathematics for students with or at risk of academic difficulties in Grades K-6: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 17. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1152
  14. Duarte, L., Closs, I., Vasconcelos, S., Santos, E., Matos, R., Klein, S., Luz, C., Marinho, S., Beijamini, F., Moreno, C., & Fontenele-Araújo, J. (2025). Sleep habits and academic performance of Brazilian undergraduate students in the health-related fields. Chronobiology International, 42, 551–559. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2025.2490504
  15. Fang, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, M., Wang, Z., Chen, S., Zheng, C., Cooper, S., & Sun, F. (2025). Healthy Lifestyle Matters: A Network Analysis of Urban Chinese Pre-School Children's Adiposity, Sleep Health, Mental Health, Child Functioning and Health Behaviours. Child, 51. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70144
  16. Ferruzola-Gomez, E., Brito-Gaona, L., Sotomayor-Pereira, J., Faytong-Haro, M., & Álvarez-Muñoz, P. (2025). Convergence and Divergence in the Determinants of Happiness: A Dual-STATIS Analysis of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (2006–2022). Societies. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15080230
  17. García-Sarmiento, J., Frongillo, E., López-Teros, V., Quintana-Zavala, M., López-Teposte, I., & Quizán-Plata, T. (2025). Prevalence and perspectives of food insecurity among university students from indigenous communities in northwest Mexico. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología. https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt20251800
  18. Ghaffar, U., Sami, W., Aldawsari, A., Mohammedalazmi, M., Okasi, H., Alsaleh, A., Alshammari, A., & Faraz, A. (2020). Association between lifestyle and academic performance among medical students, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 9, 1579–1584. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/345
  19. Haddaouy, A., Blaak, H., Elkhalladi, J., Essaidi, M., Iziki, H., Es-Sabir, F., & Omari, F. (2025). Mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between smartphone addiction and academic performance among nursing students in Morocco: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03949-2
  20. Halat, D., Hallit, S., Younes, S., Alfikany, M., Khaled, S., Krayem, M., Khatib, S., & Rahal, M. (2023). Exploring the effects of health behaviors and mental health on students' academic achievement: A cross-sectional study on lebanese university students. BMC Public Health, 23, 1200. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16184-8
  21. Haro-Contreras, C., Torres, C., Ayón, C., & Enriquez, L. (2025). Examining the association of food insecurity with mental health and academic performance among Latinx immigration-impacted students. Journal of American College Health, 73, 4032–4040. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2025.2468305
  22. Hassan, S., Alqahtani, N., Alshahrani, S., Alhefzy, A., Alharthi, O., & Alharbi, M. (2025). Association between sleep quality and academic performance among undergraduate medical health sciences students. Cureus, 17(9), e91548. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.91548
  23. Ho, S. (2025). Understanding the Contribution of Well-Being on Macau Students' Academic Achievement: Self-Efficacy as an Explanatory Mechanism. Psychology in the Schools, 62(9), 3615-3625. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.23562
  24. Joshy, S., A., I., & Vijayan, D. (2025). A Study on Sleep Deprivation and Academic Performance of College Students. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i02.41260
  25. Khaled, A., Almaghaslah, D., Siddiqua, A., Kandasamy, G., & Orayj, K. (2025). Impact of sleep quality on academic achievements of undergraduate medical students: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. BMC Medical Education, 25, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06664-3
  26. Kharroubi, S., Al-Akl, N., Chamate, S., Omar, T., & Ballout, R. (2024). Assessing the relationship between physical health, mental health and students' success among universities in Lebanon. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(5), 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21050597
  27. Lakhan, R., Vergara, M., Moore, Z., & Sharma, M. (2025). Relationships between psychological health and academic performance among undergraduate students in the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Behavioral Sciences, 15(9), 1281. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15091281
  28. Lederer, A. M., Oswalt, S. B., & Eddens, K. S. (2025). Individual and collective positive health behaviors and academic achievement among U.S. undergraduate students. PLOS ONE, 20(3), e0323610. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323610
  29. Lederer, A., Oswalt, S., Hoban, M., & Rosenthal, M. (2024). Health-related behaviors and academic achievement among college students. American Journal of Health Promotion, 38, 1129–1139. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171241255768
  30. Mahfouz, H., Alhazmi, N., Almatrafi, M., Almehmadi, S., Alharbi, J., Qadi, L., & Tawakul, A. (2024). The influence of lifestyle on academic performance among health profession students at Umm Al-Qura University. Cureus, 16(3), e56759. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56759
  31. Mao, Y., Xie, B., Chen, B., Cai, Y., Wu, J., Zhang, J., Shao, R., & Li, Y. (2022). Mediating Effect of Sleep Quality on the Relationship Between Electronic Screen Media Use and Academic Performance Among College Students. Nature and Science of Sleep, 14, 323–334. https://doi.org/10.2147/nss.s346851
  32. McKay, F., Olajide, B., Melleuish, L., Pitt, P., Lau, E., & Dunn, M. (2025). Food Insecurity Among Post-Secondary Students in High Income Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Current Nutrition Reports, 14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-025-00651-2
  33. Mittal, P., Yadav, S., Dadhich, A., Kalra, S., & Ajmera, P. (2025). Academic performance and sleep: a visualization and mapping of research trends. Health Education. 125(5), 622-636. https://doi.org/10.1108/he-02-2025-0023
  34. Mutlu, S., Pasin, Ö., & Konar, N. (2024). The effect of nutrition, physical activity, and sleep pattern on success in medical students. Medical Science Educator, 35, 245–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-024-02175-w
  35. Nava-Amante, P., Betancourt-Núñez, A., Díaz-López, A., Bernal-Orozco, M., De La Cruz-Mosso, U., Márquez-Sandoval, F., & Vizmanos, B. (2024). Clusters of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Their Association with Food Insecurity in Mexican University Students. Foods, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13162507
  36. Neuman, J., Ina, E., Huq, S., Blanca, A., & Petrosky, S. (2024). Cross-sectional analysis of the effect of physical activity, nutrition, and lifestyle factors on medical students' academic achievement. Cureus, 16(3), e56343. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56343
  37. Nguyen, T., Tang, L., Bryant, E., Jobe, A., Yu, A., Sugiura, Y., & Bui, T. (2025). The neighborhood walk: introducing first-year medical students to social determinants of health in underserved neighborhoods. BMC Medical Education, 25, 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06743-5
  38. Novillo Luzuriaga, N. N., Vargas Olalla, V. P., Suarez Gonzalez, K. D., Armijo Valverde, K. G., Morales-Caluña, E. R., Saltos Atiencia, D. P., Vélez Pillco, E. E., & Ruiz Polit, P. A. (2026). Multidimensional university student health and academic performance survey: Validation through structural equation modeling. Frontiers in Education, 12, 1769257. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1769257/abstract
  39. Obeidat, R., Almadhaani, A., Almemari, A., Alyammahi, G., Alabdouli, H., & Alhmoudi, M. (2024). Association between vegetarian diet consumption and academic performance, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life among female undergraduate college students. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2024, 5053639. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5053639
  40. Ong, C., Hutchesson, M., Patterson, A., & Whatnall, M. (2021). Is there an association between health risk behaviours and academic achievement among university students? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8606. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168314
  41. Paclar, W., & Hinacay, J. (2025). Students' Lifestyle and Academic Performance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v8-i04-20
  42. Plessas, A., Paisi, M., Ahmed, N., Brookes, Z., Burns, L., & Witton, R. (2024). The impact of community engaged healthcare education on undergraduate students' empathy and their views towards social accountability: a mixed methods systematic review. BMC Medical Education, 24, 812. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06367-1
  43. Repella, B., Rice, J., Arroyo-Izaga, M., Torheim, L., Birgisdóttir, B., & Jakobsdottir, G. (2024). Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Associations with Academic Performance, Food Consumption and Social Support among University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: FINESCOP Project in Iceland. Nutrients, 16(5), 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060764
  44. Reuter, P., & Forster, B. (2021). Student health behavior and academic performance. PeerJ, 9, e11340. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11107
  45. Sabaoui, I., Lotfi, S., & Talbi, M. (2024). The association of circadian rhythms with academic, physical, and cognitive performance: A systematic review. The Education and Science Journal, 26(1), 157–190. https://doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2024-1-133-170
  46. Sabu, A., Ghosh, P., K, S., Varma, S., & Velath, A. (2025). Influence of altered sleep patterns on health-related quality of life and academic performance among dental students. Cureus, 17(6), e86624. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.86624
  47. Shafie, S., Shahri, M., Izuddi, N., Shukri, N., Aziz, N., Amran, A., & Nafi, M. (2022). Association between Lifestyle-Related Behaviors and Academic Performance among Students. International Academic Symposium of Social Science 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2022082105
  48. Shannon, S. (2025). The Prevalence of Food Insecurity among University of Guelph-Humber Kinesiology Students. SURG Journal. https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v15i1.8150
  49. Thompson, M., Ehrhardt, A., Saini, E., Yip, T., Buckhalt, J., & El-Sheikh, M. (2025). Socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep and cognitive and academic functioning across childhood and adolescence: a meta-analytic review. Sleep, 48. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaf166
  50. Touger-Decker, R., Sabato, E., Singer, S., Zelig, R., Toth, S., Marshall, T., & Sackey, J. (2025). Interventions to Reduce Food and Nutrition Insecurity Among Dental Students. Journal of Dental Education, 89, 1284–1293. https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.13839
  51. Zhang, X., Gao, F., Kang, Z., Zhou, H., Zhang, J., Li, J., Yan, J., Wang, J., Liu, H., Wu, Q., & Liu, B. (2022). Perceived Academic Stress and Depression: The Mediation Role of Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.760387
  52. Zhang, Z., Wang, L., & Qu, Y. (2025). The interplay between positive lifestyle habits and academic excellence in higher education. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12, 337. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04630-4