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Artículos de Revisión

Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Simón Rodríguez

Evaluación formativa e inteligencia artificial: marcos de gobernanza y transparencia institucional

Formative assessment and artificial intelligence: governance frameworks and institutional transparency
Publicado
2025-11-27

La adopción de inteligencia artificial (IA) en evaluación formativa (EF) en educación superior ofrece oportunidades para mejorar la retroalimentación y la autorregulación, pero plantea desafíos en ética, privacidad y equidad que requieren marcos de gobernanza conectando principios con prácticas institucionales. Esta revisión sistemática y de mapeo conceptual tiene como objetivo analizar marcos de gobernanza, principios de transparencia y prácticas responsables para la adopción de IA en EF en educación superior, proponiendo un marco operativo adaptable y una checklist de implementación con indicadores de éxito. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, ERIC y Scielo, con criterios de inclusión entre 2019 y 2025, culminando con la inclusión de 20 estudios representativos para revisión final. Los resultados incluyen una taxonomía de 4 marcos de gobernanza, principios de transparencia algorítmica con 5 elementos principales, y prácticas institucionales responsables con 6 dimensiones operacionales. La revisión evidencia que la integración responsable de inteligencia artificial en la evaluación formativa requiere marcos de gobernanza adaptativos y prácticas institucionales holísticas que garanticen transparencia, equidad y sostenibilidad.

The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in formative assessment (FA) in higher education offers opportunities to improve feedback and self-regulation, but poses challenges in ethics, privacy, and equity that require governance frameworks connecting principles with institutional practices. This systematic review and concept mapping aims to analyze governance frameworks, transparency principles, and responsible practices for the adoption of AI in FA in higher education, proposing an adaptable operational framework and an implementation checklist with success indicators. A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, ERIC, and SciELO, with inclusion criteria between 2019 and 2025, culminating in the inclusion of 20 representative studies for final review. The results include a taxonomy of four governance frameworks, algorithmic transparency principles with five main elements, and responsible institutional practices with six operational dimensions. The review demonstrates that the responsible integration of artificial intelligence in formative assessment requires adaptive governance frameworks and holistic institutional practices that ensure transparency, equity, and sustainability.

Número:
Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2025): Revista Simón Rodríguez
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Artículos de Revisión

Referencias

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